Background: The EV (Electric Vehicles) is rapidly growing as a substitute to oil dependant vehicles to minimize the pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHS) emissions. Various charging schemes and grid integration techniques are introduced to minimize the impacts of EV charging. Hence, this study introduced a system that uses renewable energy sources (RES) like solar energy, biomass and battery for EV charging.
Objective: This study intended to calculate the cost of the system design as well as variations in its cost during the usage on an annual basis. In addition, it used various energy conversion technologies such as solar panel, battery and biomass to find the effective source of energy for EV charging through the proposed novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm (OFA).
Methodology: An initial setup is made that consists of number of buildings, overall load demand, ratings of EV charging, storage capacity, grid intake and solar panel. Then, the proposed novel OFA is used to find the count of EVs that gets charged from the charging stations and its choice of charging from the charging stations. The computation is performed on an annual basis for the cost, energy and count of EVs that arrive to the charging stations to get it charged.
Results: The proposed methodology is used to compare the efficiency of the solar, biomass and battery efficiency in charging an EV through computation of Net present cost, Cost of Energy, EV savings and power generation. The results revealed that that the proposed system is effective than the traditional methods and effectively identified that the solar energy is the effective source for EV charging.