| N | Mean (SD) or ± SE | N | Mean (SD) or ± SE | N | Mean (SD) or ± SE | Mean ± SE |
Age (years) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 53.8(8.4) 52.3(9.5) 1.4 ± 1.1 | 194 68 | 54.4(8.2) 51.4(9.4) 3.0 ± 1.2 | 68 19 | 51.9(8.7) 55.6(9.5) -3.6 ± 2.4 | 2.5 ± 1.2 -4.2 ± 2.4 |
African American (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 6.9 ± 1.6 0.0 ± 0.0 6.9 ± 1.6* | 194 68 | 6.2 ± 1.7 0.0 ± 0.0 6.2 ± 1.7* | 68 19 | 8.8 ± 3.5 0.0 ± 0.0 8.8 ± 3.5 | -2.6 ± 3.6 — |
Body mass index (kg/m2) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 257 83 | 40.42(8.81) 36.72(7.26) 3.70 ± 1.07* | 190 64 | 40.41(8.42) 36.90(7.41) 3.51 ± 1.18 | 67 19 | 40.46(9.90) 36.11(6.89) 4.34 ± 2.43 | -0.05 ± 1.25 0.79 ± 1.91 |
Female (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 66.79 ± 2.92 58.62 ± 5.31 8.17 ± 6.06 | 194 68 | 65.98 ± 3.41 60.29 ± 5.98 5.69 ± 6.76 | 68 19 | 69.12 ± 5.64 52.63 ± 11.77 6.49 ± 12.35 | -3.14 ± 6.66 7.66 ± 12.90 |
Years since type 2 diabetes diagnosis CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 261 71 | 8.44(7.22) 7.85(7.32) 0.59 ± 0.97 | 193 63 | 8.15(7.02) 7.90(7.41) 0.25 ± 1.03 | 68 8 | 9.25(7.75) 7.38(7.05) 1.88 ± 2.87 | -1.1 ± 1.02 0.53 ± 2.77 |
Cardiovascular Markers |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 260 79 | 131.9(14.1) 129.8(13.6) 2.1 ± 1.8 | 192 61 | 132.2(14.2) 129.0(13.6) 3.3 ± 2.1 | 68 18 | 131.1(13.8) 132.7(13.5) -1.6 ± 3.6 | 1.2 ± 2.0 -3.7 ± 3.7 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 260 79 | 82.1(8.3) 82.0(8.9) 0.1 ± 1.1 | 192 61 | 81.7(8.0) 82.1(8.8) -0.4 ± 1.2 | 68 18 | 83.4(8.9) 81.8(9.6) 1.6 ± 2.4 | -1.7 ± 1.2 0.3 ± 2.4 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 247 79 | 183.6(41.2) 183.8(45.8) -0.2 ± 5.5 | 184 62 | 181.9(40.3) 186.5(49.3) -4.6 ± 6.3 | 63 17 | 188.7(43.6) 174.0(28.7) 14.7 ± 11.2 | -6.8 ± 6.0 12.5 ± 12.5 |
LDL-C(mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 232 70 | 102.5(32.9) 101.5(36.2) 1.0 ± 4.6 | 173 56 | 101.1(33.0) 103.8(38.3) -2.7 ± 5.3 | 59 14 | 106.6(32.6) 92.3(24.8) 14.3 ± 9.3 | -5.5 ± 5.0 11.5 ± 10.8 |
HDL-C(mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 247 79 | 42.2(13.4) 37.6(11.2) 4.6 ± 1.7 | 184 62 | 42.5(13.7) 38.3(11.5) 4.2 ± 1.9 | 63 17 | 41.3(12.7) 35.2(10.1) 6.1 ± 3.3 | 1.1 ± 2.0 3.0 ± 3.1 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 247 79 | 197.2(143.4) 282.9(401.2) -85.7 ± 46.1 | 184 62 | 200.7(153.5) 283.7(443.6) -83.0 ± 57.5 | 63 17 | 187.1(109.0) 280.0(185.0) -92.9 ± 46.9 | 13.5 ± 21.0 3.7 ± 110.5 |
non-HDL (mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 247 79 | 141.4(41.1) 146.2(46.5) -4.7 ± 5.5 | 184 62 | 139.4(39.8) 148.2(50.7) -8.8 ± 7.1 | 63 17 | 147.4(44.4) 138.8(26.1) 8.6 ± 11.3 | -8.0 ± 6.0 9.4 ± 12.8 |
Remnant cholesterol (mg/dL) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 232 70 | 34.2(15.1) 37.4(16.6) -3.2 ± 2.1 | 173 56 | 34.5(15.6) 36.3(16.6) -1.8 ± 2.4 | 59 14 | 33.1(13.8) 41.9(16.5) -8.8 ± 4.3 | 1.5 ± 2.3 -5.6 ± 5.0 |
Lipoproteins and Apoproteins |
VLDL Large (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 23.3(13.8) 27.6(16.0) -4.4 ± 1.9 | 179 62 | 22.7(13.8) 26.4(16.1) -3.7 ± 2.1 | 61 18 | 24.8(13.6) 31.7(15.5) -6.9 ± 3.8 | -2.1 ± 2.0 -5.3 ± 4.3 |
VLDL Intermediate (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 56.6(24.3) 64.7(28.2) -8.1 ± 3.3 | 179 62 | 55.3(24.5) 63.4(29.7) -8.0 ± 3.8 | 61 18 | 60.2(23.7) 69.1(22.5) -8.9 ± 6.3 | -4.9 ± 3.6 -5.8 ± 7.6 |
VLDL Small (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 59.7(18.9) 62.5(21.9) -2.9 ± 2.5 | 179 62 | 58.2(18.7) 62.5(23.7) -4.3 ± 3.0 | 61 18 | 64.1(19.2) 62.7(14.7) 1.4 ± 4.2 | -5.9 ± 2.8 -0.2 ± 5.9 |
IDL 1 (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 137.7(42.1) 143.4(44.2) -5.7 ± 5.5 | 179 62 | 134.3(40.9) 143.6(48.2) -9.3 ± 6.3 | 61 18 | 147.9(44.1) 142.8(27.0) 5.1 ± 11.0 | -13.6 ± 6.2 0.8 ± 11.9 |
IDL 2 (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 125.2(41.3) 119.5(38.5) 5.7 ± 5.2 | 179 62 | 123.1(41.6) 122.9(42.1) 0.2 ± 6.2 | 61 18 | 131.5(40.1) 107.8(19.0) 23.7 ± 6.8* | -8.4 ± 6.1 15.1 ± 7.0 |
LDL I (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 166.2(68.0) 156.9(69.6) 9.3 ± 8.8 | 179 62 | 164.4(69.2) 163.6(75.2) 0.9 ± 10.4 | 61 18 | 171.4(64.7) 133.8(39.1) 37.6 ± 16.1 | -7.0 ± 10.1 29.8 ± 18.5 |
LDL IIa (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 140.8(59.8) 139.3(63.8) 1.5 ± 7.9 | 179 62 | 138.0(59.0) 142.7(67.8) -4.7 ± 9.0 | 61 18 | 149.1(61.9) 127.6(47.4) 21.5 ± 15.8 | -11.1 ± 8.9 15.0 ± 14.1 |
LDL IIb (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 179.6(70.2) 190.5(82.8) -10.9±-9.5 | 179 62 | 175.4(67.4) 188.9(86.3) -13.4 ± 10.7 | 61 18 | 191.8(77.0) 196.3(71.3) -4.5 ± 20.3 | -16.4 ± 11.1 -7.4 ± 22.3 |
LDL IIIa (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 192.0(95.1) 207.6(92.0) -15.7 ± 12.2 | 179 62 | 189.7(91.4) 202.2(96.1) -12.5 ± 13.6 | 61 18 | 198.6(106.0) 226.4(75.5) -27.9 ± 26.8 | -8.8 ± 14.1 -24.3 ± 24.6 |
LDL IIIb (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 87.0(57.2) 100.1(58.1) -13.1 ± 7.4 | 179 62 | 87.3(54.7) 98.7(62.1) -11.3 ± 8.4 | 61 18 | 86.1(64.5) 105.1(42.4) -19.0 ± 16.2 | 1.2 ± 8.5 -6.5 ± 15.6 |
LDL IVa (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 91.6(51.5) 114.9(70.8) -23.3 ± 8.6 | 179 62 | 92.3(51.4) 114.5(76.8) -22.2 ± 10.5 | 61 18 | 89.5(52.4) 116.2(46.6) -26.7 ± 13.7 | 2.8 ± 7.7 -1.7 ± 19.1 |
LDL IVb (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 79.6(28.6) 96.9(45.1) -17.3 ± 5.4 | 179 62 | 79.5(29.3) 94.1(44.2) -14.5 ± 6.0 | 61 18 | 79.7(26.6) 106.7(48.3) -27.0 ± 8.8 | -0.2 ± 4.2 -12.7 ± 12.1 |
LDL IVc (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 89.5(21.7) 101.7(35.8) -12.2 ± 4.2 | 179 62 | 88.9(22.3) 99.3(33.3) -10.4 ± 3.8 | 61 18 | 91.2(19.8) 109.8(43.3) -18.6 ± 10.5 | -2.3 ± 3.2 -10.5 ± 9.6 |
Mid Zone (nmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 878.1(161.5) 948.8(179.7) -70.7 ± 21.5* | 179 62 | 869.7(165.4) 930.6(180.9) -60.9 ± 25.0 | 61 18 | 902.5(148.0) 1011.3(165.3) -108.8(40.8) | -32.8 ± 23.9 -80.7 ± 47.5 |
HDL 2b (µmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 5.9(1.2) 6.3(0.9) -0.3 ± 0.1 | 179 62 | 5.9(1.2) 6.3(1.0) -0.4 ± 0.2 | 61 18 | 6.1(1.3) 6.3(0.9) -0.1 ± 0.3 | -0.3 ± 0.2 -0.0 ± 0.3 |
HDL 2a + 3 (µmol/L) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 16.8(2.6) 19.3(2.8) -2.5 ± 0.3* | 179 62 | 16.8(2.6) 19.3(2.8) -2.5 ± 0.4* | 61 18 | 16.9(2.5) 19.4(2.5) -2.5 ± 0.7* | -0.0 ± 0.3 -0.0 ± 0.7 |
LDL peak diameter (Å) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 240 80 | 215.7(6.2) 213.3(6.5) 2.4 ± 0.8 | 179 62 | 215.6(6.3) 213.9(6.4) 1.7 ± 0.9 | 61 18 | 215.9(6.0) 211.3(6.4) -4.6 ± 1.6 | -0.3 ± 0.9 -2.6 ± 1.7 |
Total ApoB CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 248 79 | 105.1(28.8) 106.9(28.3) -1.9 ± 3.7 | 185 62 | 104.2(28.7) 108.3(31.0) -4.2 ± 4.3 | 63 17 | 107.7(29.4) 101.8(13.7) 5.9 ± 7.4 | -3.5 ± 4.2 6.5 ± 5.1 |
Total ApoA1 CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 248 79 | 145.7(27.6) 148.7(21.5) -3.0 ± 3.4 | 185 62 | 146.0(28.6) 149.5(22.0) -3.5 ± 4.0 | 63 17 | 145.0(24.8) 145.9(19.9) -0.9 ± 6.5 | 1.0 ± 4.0 3.6 ± 5.9 |
ApoB:Apo A1 Ratio CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 248 79 | 0.7(0.2) 0.7(0.2) 0.0 ± 0.0 | 185 62 | 0.7(0.2) 0.7(0.3) -0.0 ± 0.0 | 63 17 | 0.8(0.2) 0.7(0.1) 0.1 ± 0.1 | -0.0 ± 0.0 -0.0 ± 0.0 |
LDL Phenotype Pattern A (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 201 62 | 41.8 ± 3.5 25.8 ± 5.6 16.0 ± 6.6 | 151 50 | 43.0 ± 4.0 32.0 ± 6.7 11.0 ± 7.8 | 50 12 | 38.0 ± 6.9 0.0 ± 0.0 38.0 ± 6.9 * | -5.0 ± 8.1 -32.0 ± 6.7 * |
LDL Phenotype Pattern B (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 201 62 | 58.2 ± 3.5 74.2 ± 5.6 -16.0 ± 6.6 | 151 50 | 57.0 ± 4.0 68.0 ± 6.7 11.0 ± 7.8 | 61 18 | 62.0 ± 6.9 100.0 ± 0.0 38.0 ± 6.9 * | -5.0 ± 8.1 -32.0 ± 6.7 * |
Medication |
Statin (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 50.0 ± 5.3 59.0 ± 3.1 -8.6 ± 6.1 | 194 68 | 53.0 ± 3.6 54.0 ± 6.1 -1.8 ± 7.1 | 68 19 | 43.0 ± 6.0 74.0 ± 10.4 -31.0 ± 12.7 | -10.0 ± 7.0 -19.3 ± 12.0 |
Any antihypertensive medication (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 77.5 ± 2.6 65.5 ± 5.1 12.0 ± 5.4 | 194 68 | 76.8 ± 3.0 63.2 ± 5.9 13.6 ± 6.6 | 68 19 | 79.4 ± 4.9 73.7 ± 10.4 5.7 ± 10.8 | -2.6 ± 5.9 -10.4 ± 12.4 |
ACE and ARB (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 65.0 ± 3.0 55.0 ± 5.4 9.7 ± 6.0 | 194 68 | 62.0 ± 3.5 51.0 ± 6.1 10.4 ± 6.9 | 68 19 | 74.0 ± 5.4 68.0 ± 11.0 -5.1 ± 11.7 | -11.7 ± 6.7 -17.0 ± 12.5 |
Diuretics (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 41.0 ± 3.0 29.0 ± 4.9 12.1 ± 6.0 | 194 68 | 41.0 ± 3.5 24.0 ± 5.2 17.2 ± 6.3 | 68 19 | 41.0 ± 6.0 47.0 ± 11.8 -6.2 ± 13.0 | -0.5 ± 7.0 -23.8 ± 12.9 |
Other Lipid Lowering Medication (%) CCI Usual Care CCI vs. usual care | 262 87 | 10.3 ± 1.9 19.5 ± 4.3 -9.2 ± 4.7 | 194 68 | 9.3 ± 2.1 17.6 ± 4.7 -8.4 ± 4.5 | 68 19 | 13.2 ± 4.1 26.3 ± 10.4 -13.1 ± 11.1 | -4.0 ± 4.3 -8.7 ± 10.4 |