Table 1 Demographic and laboratory parameters of participants included in this study
|
|
Control (n=63)
|
Angina (n=20)
|
AAD (n=87)
|
P-value
|
TAAD (n=37)
|
|
|
|
|
|
AAD vs Control
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AAD vs Angina
|
|
|
Male
|
43 (68.25%)
|
15(75.00%)
|
65 (74.71%)
|
0.657
|
27 (72.97%)
|
|
Hypertension
|
21 (33.33%)
|
8(40.00%)
|
54 (62.69%)
|
0.002*
|
27 (72.97%)
|
|
Smoking
|
19 (30.16%)
|
7(35.00%)
|
31 (35.63)
|
0.774
|
12 (32.43%)
|
|
DM
|
10 (15.87%)
|
6(30.00%)
|
26 (29.89%)
|
0.123
|
11 (29.73%)
|
|
Age
|
53.44 ± 11.52
|
57.80±2.11
|
53.87 ± 11.42
|
0.957
|
53.32 ± 11.12
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.355
|
|
|
BMI
|
21.8 ± 3.68
|
23.70±0.73
|
22.87 ± 5.14
|
0.357
|
22.24 ± 3.92
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.702
|
|
|
HR
|
78.06 ± 9.6
|
79.45±1.68
|
89.46 ± 12.68
|
<0.001***
|
90.49 ± 11.86
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.001***
|
|
|
WBC
|
5.83 ± 0.77
|
6.39±0.40
|
10.74 ± 4.24
|
<0.001***
|
11.54 ± 4.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
<0.001***
|
|
|
HGB
|
150.98 ± 17.68
|
135.50±4.08
|
132.39 ± 20.97
|
<0.001***
|
128.63 ± 17.86
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.297
|
|
|
PLT
|
173.3 ± 43.14
|
201.35±13.27
|
190.59 ± 68.15
|
0.194
|
199.34 ± 67.05
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.744
|
|
|
FPG
|
4.97 ± 4.87
|
5.54±0.24
|
7.21 ± 2.42
|
0.001***
|
7.61 ± 2.84
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.155
|
|
|
SAA
|
0.36 ± 0.08
|
0.72±0.40
|
4.43 ± 0.31
|
<0.001***
|
4.22 ± 0.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.029*
|
|
|
Note, AAD-acute aortic dissection; TAAD-type A aortic dissection; TBAD-type B aortic dissection; BMI-body mass index; HR-heart rate; DM-diabetes mellitus; WBC-white blood cell; HGB-hemoglobin; PLT-platelet; FPG-fast plasma glucose; SAA-serum amyloid A
|
Table 2 Comparison of SAA levels between AAD and control group, AAD and angina group stratified by cardiovascular risk factors
|
Variables
|
|
Control
|
Angina
|
AAD
|
P Value
|
|
|
SAA(ng/mg)
|
SAA(ng/mg)
|
SAA(ng/mg)
|
AAD vs Control
|
AAD vs angina
|
Age
|
<60y
|
0.418±0.113
|
0.661±0.333
|
4.436±0.308
|
<0.001
|
0.033
|
|
≥60y
|
0.263±0.084
|
0.632±0.323
|
6.850±2.535
|
<0.001
|
0.023
|
Gender
|
male
|
0.375±0.093
|
0.697±0.295
|
5.542±1.456
|
<0.001
|
0.014
|
|
female
|
0.332±0.146
|
0.446±0.244
|
5.227±0.444
|
<0.001
|
0.032
|
BMI
|
<25
|
0.300±0.067
|
0.652±0.301
|
5.879±1.496
|
<0.001
|
0.017
|
|
≥25
|
0.652±0.316
|
0.630±0.364
|
4.369±0.494
|
<0.001
|
0.016
|
Hypertension
|
Yes
|
0.445±0.164
|
0.808±0.204
|
4.892±0.517
|
<0.001
|
0.024
|
|
No
|
0.319±0.085
|
0.535±0.342
|
6.397±2.771
|
<0.001
|
0.046
|
Smoking history
|
Yes
|
0.510±0.215
|
0.728±0.326
|
7.698±2.990
|
<0.001
|
0.006
|
|
No
|
0.297±0.063
|
0.516±0.278
|
4.225±0.344
|
<0.001
|
0.030
|
DM
|
Yes
|
0.232±0.093
|
0.566±0.356
|
8.157±3.569
|
<0.001
|
0.007
|
|
No
|
0.385±0.093
|
0.677±0.311
|
4.314±0.317
|
<0.001
|
0.047
|
Note, AAD-acute aortic dissection; BMI-body mass index; DM-diabetes mellitus; SAA-serum amyloid A
|
Table 3 Comparisons of blood parameters between different sub-groups in AAD patient group
Parameters
|
TAAD
|
TBAD
|
P value
|
less than 6h
|
more than 6h
|
P value
|
communicating false
lumen
|
non-communicating false lumen
|
P value
|
Death
|
Survival
|
P value
|
|
WBC, ×109/L
|
11.54 ± 4.5
|
10.06 ± 3.92
|
0.198
|
10.73 ± 4.75
|
10.75 ± 3.78
|
0.917
|
12.1 ± 5.8
|
10.41 ± 3.74
|
0.522
|
12.78 ± 4.05
|
9.96 ± 4.08
|
0.004
|
|
BA/WBC, %
|
0.20 ± 0.23
|
0.28 ± 0.34
|
0.646
|
0.24 ± 0.3
|
0.25 ± 0.30
|
0.723
|
0.3 ± 0.28
|
0.23 ± 0.30
|
0.231
|
0.22 ± 0.21
|
0.26 ± 0.32
|
0.954
|
|
EO/WBC, %
|
1.37 ± 1.65
|
0.89 ± 1.51
|
0.139
|
0.95 ± 1.37
|
1.26 ± 1.76
|
0.409
|
1.04 ± 1.34
|
1.13 ± 1.65
|
0.783
|
0.66 ± 1.06
|
1.28 ± 1.72
|
0.039*
|
|
MO/WBC, %
|
13.29 ± 14.10
|
8.48 ± 9.03
|
0.002**
|
9.29 ± 7.37
|
11.96 ± 14.7
|
0.909
|
15.02 ± 19.28
|
9.63 ± 9.04
|
0.648
|
9.21 ± 9.16
|
11.26 ± 12.71
|
0.227
|
|
LY/WBC, %
|
14.87 ± 9.26
|
15.98 ± 9.1
|
0.462
|
14.76 ± 8.5
|
16.1 ± 9.72
|
0.596
|
14.24 ± 8.78
|
15.77 ± 9.26
|
0.514
|
11.62 ± 5.68
|
16.94 ± 9.79
|
0.043*
|
|
NE/WBC, %
|
69.92 ± 15.24
|
74.31 ± 12.97
|
0.198
|
74.49 ± 12.41
|
70.31 ± 15.41
|
0.275
|
69.4 ± 18.71
|
73 ± 12.86
|
0.638
|
77.88 ± 10.9
|
70.15 ± 14.72
|
0.017*
|
|
RBC, ×1012/L
|
4.26 ± 0.64
|
4.52 ± 0.76
|
0.014*
|
4.36 ± 0.65
|
4.43 ± 0.77
|
0.730
|
4.32 ± 0.80
|
4.42 ± 0.69
|
0.523
|
4.46 ± 0.82
|
4.38 ± 0.68
|
0.582
|
|
HGB, g/L
|
128.63 ± 17.86
|
135.61 ± 23.03
|
0.052
|
134.92 ± 18.44
|
130.13 ± 23
|
0.328
|
126.73 ± 27.9
|
133.79 ± 18.92
|
0.497
|
131.19 ± 25.29
|
132.85 ± 19.31
|
0.968
|
|
MCH, pg
|
30.45 ± 3.12
|
30.49 ± 1.94
|
0.373
|
31.06 ± 2.15
|
29.94 ± 2.75
|
0.015*
|
29.89 ± 4.59
|
30.61 ± 1.73
|
0.958
|
29.68 ± 3.41
|
30.77 ± 2.07
|
0.104
|
|
MCV, fL
|
91.66 ± 8.00
|
92.11 ± 5.52
|
0.696
|
93.2 ± 5.67
|
90.74 ± 7.43
|
0.181
|
90.10 ± 11.44
|
92.35 ± 5.01
|
0.681
|
89.83 ± 9.28
|
92.69 ± 5.36
|
0.168
|
|
MCHC, g/L
|
331.77 ± 11.11
|
331.12 ± 11.83
|
0.731
|
333.17 ± 9.78
|
329.85 ± 12.65
|
0.348
|
330.8 ± 17.09
|
331.57 ± 9.75
|
0.445
|
329.81 ± 11.29
|
332.04 ± 11.53
|
0.183
|
|
HCT, L/L
|
0.38 ± 0.06
|
0.41 ± 0.07
|
0.083
|
0.41 ± 0.06
|
0.39 ± 0.08
|
0.428
|
0.38 ± 0.09
|
0.40 ± 0.06
|
0.567
|
0.39 ± 0.08
|
0.40 ± 0.06
|
0.802
|
|
RDW, %
|
13.73 ± 2.43
|
13.25 ± 1.3
|
0.864
|
13.38 ± 1.47
|
13.51 ± 2.17
|
0.753
|
14.26 ± 2.64
|
13.25 ± 1.59
|
0.253
|
13.74 ± 1.78
|
13.33 ± 1.89
|
0.089
|
|
PLT, ×109/L
|
199.34 ± 67.05
|
183.12 ± 69
|
0.196
|
177.75 ± 64.26
|
202.15 ± 70.25
|
0.218
|
166.07 ± 62.69
|
196.62 ± 68.56
|
0.168
|
182.33 ± 59.6
|
193.75 ± 71.4
|
0.597
|
|
MPV, fL
|
9.48 ± 1.13
|
9.93 ± 1.67
|
0.158
|
9.95 ± 1.43
|
9.52 ± 1.46
|
0.380
|
9.51 ± 1.77
|
9.77 ± 1.39
|
0.675
|
9.91 ± 1.06
|
9.65 ± 1.58
|
0.480
|
|
PCT, L/L
|
1.02 ± 2.26
|
0.36 ± 1.11
|
0.076
|
0.80 ± 1.99
|
0.56 ± 1.54
|
0.264
|
1.22 ± 2.57
|
0.55 ± 1.52
|
0.670
|
0.87 ± 2.10
|
0.59 ± 1.62
|
0.472
|
|
PDW, 10GSD
|
14.51 ± 2.72
|
14.4 ± 2.90
|
0.657
|
14.9 ± 3.00
|
14.06 ± 2.59
|
0.260
|
15.26 ± 2.12
|
14.27 ± 2.91
|
0.308
|
14.51 ± 2.53
|
14.42 ± 2.92
|
0.489
|
|
TP, g/L
|
63.93 ± 7.68
|
63.78 ± 10.34
|
0.540
|
64.76 ± 8.76
|
63.05 ± 9.56
|
0.410
|
61.72 ± 9.1
|
64.38 ± 9.19
|
0.277
|
62.27 ± 10.19
|
64.46 ± 8.77
|
0.591
|
|
PA, mg/dL
|
15.96 ± 6.67
|
17.71 ± 6.29
|
0.231
|
14.18 ± 6.55
|
18.88 ± 5.74
|
0.005**
|
16.94 ± 6.67
|
16.78 ± 6.52
|
0.868
|
14.75 ± 5.06
|
17.56 ± 6.83
|
0.177
|
|
ALB, g/L
|
35.75 ± 6.12
|
36.84 ± 6.93
|
0.341
|
37.03 ± 6.36
|
35.75 ± 6.74
|
0.470
|
34.45 ± 7.3
|
36.82 ± 6.34
|
0.185
|
36.63 ± 7.29
|
36.23 ± 6.32
|
0.813
|
|
ALP, U/L
|
106.79 ± 81.75
|
99.61 ± 43.41
|
0.583
|
104.84 ± 59.66
|
100.79 ± 66.18
|
0.793
|
102.42 ± 62.94
|
102.83 ± 63.19
|
0.925
|
103 ± 59.7
|
102.66 ± 64.29
|
0.773
|
|
ALT, U/L
|
140.94 ± 407.11
|
57.24 ± 61.02
|
0.151
|
91.74 ± 203.78
|
98.2 ± 333.43
|
0.210
|
119.07 ± 305.66
|
89.22 ± 274.01
|
0.408
|
147.86 ± 454.6
|
74.7 ± 170.15
|
0.224
|
|
AST, U/L
|
94 ± 364.89
|
60.56 ± 101.49
|
0.249
|
59.69 ± 101.85
|
91.36 ± 346.71
|
0.502
|
43.86 ± 45.18
|
83.97 ± 288.02
|
0.709
|
170.45 ± 488.11
|
41.54 ± 56.58
|
0.123
|
|
GGT, U/L
|
128.38 ± 212.94
|
94.02 ± 122.55
|
0.766
|
139.77 ± 181.81
|
83.2 ± 154.87
|
0.057
|
127.2 ± 192.56
|
105.2 ± 164.37
|
0.942
|
99.95 ± 158.57
|
113.35 ± 174.47
|
0.402
|
|
CHE, 1000U/L
|
6.02 ± 1.65
|
5.96 ± 1.71
|
0.666
|
5.70 ± 1.54
|
6.22 ± 1.74
|
0.247
|
5.48 ± 1.68
|
6.13 ± 1.65
|
0.273
|
5.83 ± 1.54
|
6.05 ± 1.72
|
0.599
|
|
TBA, μmol/L
|
4.76 ± 4.87
|
4.16 ± 5.86
|
0.312
|
5.84 ± 7.11
|
3.36 ± 2.95
|
0.170
|
4.19 ± 3.29
|
4.54 ± 5.79
|
0.873
|
3.15 ± 2.67
|
4.95 ± 5.97
|
0.415
|
|
DBIL, μmol/L
|
8.93 ± 9.78
|
5.77 ± 2.84
|
0.493
|
9.7 ± 10.4
|
5.66 ± 3.36
|
0.122
|
8.72 ± 7.26
|
7.31 ± 8.06
|
0.463
|
6.58 ± 3.14
|
7.95 ± 8.77
|
0.815
|
|
TBIL, μmol/L
|
17.95 ± 14.17
|
16.75 ± 8.70
|
0.568
|
20.2 ± 14.67
|
14.81 ± 6.88
|
0.103
|
18.37 ± 10.52
|
17.01 ± 11.68
|
0.389
|
16.06 ± 8.68
|
17.74 ± 12.29
|
0.742
|
|
CK, U/L
|
186.1 ± 220.13
|
382 ± 1184.96
|
0.865
|
217.87 ± 314.36
|
360.08 ± 1186.69
|
0.940
|
287.88 ± 338.95
|
295.68 ± 974.92
|
0.122
|
562.31 ± 1711.62
|
203.15 ± 288.52
|
0.645
|
|
CKMB, U/L
|
17.95 ± 9.85
|
22.39 ± 22.55
|
0.343
|
18.16 ± 8.53
|
21.32 ± 21.17
|
0.930
|
18.23 ± 9.23
|
20.25 ± 17.83
|
0.914
|
26.84 ± 28.62
|
17.31 ± 8.18
|
0.607
|
|
Urea, mmol/L
|
7.56 ± 3.99
|
7.94 ± 8.41
|
0.127
|
7.84 ± 6.95
|
7.7 ± 6.56
|
0.640
|
8.29 ± 5.08
|
7.64 ± 7.08
|
0.296
|
7.87 ± 4.51
|
7.73 ± 7.41
|
0.646
|
|
Uric, mmol/L
|
273.5 ± 159.03
|
352.75 ± 214.01
|
0.280
|
332.93 ± 185.1
|
277.47 ± 184.43
|
0.213
|
314.57 ± 211.96
|
302.35 ± 179.47
|
0.623
|
376.29 ± 204.76
|
283.57 ± 175.97
|
0.177
|
|
Crea mmol/L
|
91.22 ± 43.83
|
111.17 ± 82.2
|
0.789
|
110.42 ± 66.54
|
88.13 ± 55.74
|
0.083
|
99.33 ± 70.69
|
98.91 ± 59.94
|
0.614
|
100.3 ± 22.1
|
98.58 ± 69.99
|
0.054
|
|
CYSC, mg/L
|
1.30 ± 0.53
|
1.42 ± 0.95
|
0.990
|
1.38 ± 0.79
|
1.34 ± 0.73
|
0.654
|
1.54 ± 0.84
|
1.32 ± 0.74
|
0.412
|
1.35 ± 0.63
|
1.36 ± 0.81
|
0.837
|
|
C1q, mmol/L
|
182.2 ± 35.56
|
200.05 ± 38.89
|
0.172
|
177.55 ± 36.91
|
198.33 ± 35.83
|
0.074
|
181.63 ± 33.57
|
191.32 ± 38.81
|
0.763
|
176.91 ± 31.95
|
191.81 ± 38.46
|
0.563
|
|
Na, mmol/L
|
138.48 ± 4.85
|
141.52 ± 6.29
|
0.037*
|
140.08 ± 7.12
|
140.15 ± 4.48
|
0.731
|
139.35 ± 8.79
|
140.3 ± 4.94
|
0.293
|
140.66 ± 6.7
|
139.91 ± 5.53
|
0.991
|
|
K, mmol/L
|
3.63 ± 0.87
|
4.27 ± 0.66
|
0.015*
|
3.92 ± 0.62
|
3.84 ± 1.02
|
0.724
|
4.18 ± 0.42
|
3.79 ± 0.91
|
0.095
|
3.7 ± 1.14
|
3.94 ± 0.74
|
0.274
|
|
CL, mmol/L
|
103.36 ± 5.92
|
111.18 ± 7.39
|
0.000***
|
104.75 ± 8.74
|
108 ± 5.91
|
0.052
|
105.88 ± 11.64
|
106.56 ± 6.14
|
0.875
|
108.57 ± 8.95
|
105.71 ± 7.01
|
0.704
|
|
HCO3, mmol/L
|
24.15 ± 2.41
|
23.98 ± 2.95
|
0.767
|
24.37 ± 2.47
|
23.76 ± 2.92
|
0.236
|
23.71 ± 2.39
|
24.14 ± 2.79
|
0.341
|
22.42 ± 2.71
|
24.69 ± 2.45
|
0.011*
|
|
PH value
|
6.93 ± 0.69
|
6.49 ± 1.08
|
0.106
|
7.06 ± 0.6
|
6.44 ± 1.02
|
0.021*
|
6.5 ± 1.04
|
6.81 ± 0.85
|
0.915
|
6.8 ± 0.81
|
6.73 ± 0.93
|
0.649
|
|
TC, mmol/L
|
4.19 ± 0.83
|
4.59 ± 1.17
|
0.255
|
4.62 ± 1.32
|
4.3 ± 0.84
|
0.589
|
4.92 ± 1.47
|
4.32 ± 0.93
|
0.361
|
4.51 ± 1.13
|
4.39 ± 1.03
|
0.333
|
|
TG, mmol/L
|
1.34 ± 0.56
|
1.34 ± 0.67
|
0.834
|
1.24 ± 0.47
|
1.41 ± 0.71
|
0.677
|
1.5 ± 0.57
|
1.31 ± 0.63
|
0.283
|
1.23 ± 0.44
|
1.39 ± 0.69
|
0.664
|
|
ApoA1, mmol/L
|
1.14 ± 0.18
|
1.21 ± 0.22
|
0.469
|
1.18 ± 0.17
|
1.18 ± 0.22
|
0.938
|
1.14 ± 0.31
|
1.19 ± 0.18
|
0.776
|
1.24 ± 0.16
|
1.14 ± 0.22
|
0.218
|
|
ApoB, mmol/L
|
0.85 ± 0.22
|
0.76 ± 0.13
|
0.674
|
0.75 ± 0.22
|
0.83 ± 0.13
|
0.277
|
0.85 ± 0.13
|
0.79 ± 0.18
|
0.506
|
0.76 ± 0.2
|
0.82 ± 0.16
|
0.425
|
|
LDL-C, mmol/L
|
2.58 ± 0.78
|
2.87 ± 1.06
|
0.246
|
2.87 ± 1.04
|
2.68 ± 0.92
|
0.620
|
3.23 ± 1.00
|
2.66 ± 0.94
|
0.133
|
2.65 ± 1.05
|
2.81 ± 0.93
|
0.899
|
|
HDL-C, mmol/L
|
1.08 ± 0.34
|
1.22 ± 0.31
|
0.139
|
1.18 ± 0.25
|
1.16 ± 0.37
|
0.649
|
1.09 ± 0.38
|
1.19 ± 0.31
|
0.570
|
1.25 ± 0.25
|
1.13 ± 0.35
|
0.150
|
|
LDH, U/L
|
451.88 ± 779.15
|
487.03 ± 489.75
|
0.138
|
505.85 ± 538.16
|
444.28 ± 694.87
|
0.171
|
410.67 ± 242.15
|
487.85 ± 692.2
|
0.645
|
826.64 ± 1148.14
|
359 ± 255.33
|
0.036*
|
|
INR
|
1.14 ± 0.22
|
1.08 ± 0.11
|
0.446
|
1.13 ± 0.21
|
1.09 ± 0.13
|
0.172
|
1.09 ± 0.12
|
1.11 ± 0.18
|
0.788
|
1.18 ± 0.26
|
1.08 ± 0.10
|
0.152
|
|
PT, s
|
13.11 ± 2.41
|
13.28 ± 1.33
|
0.149
|
13.51 ± 2.27
|
12.96 ± 1.51
|
0.119
|
12.9 ± 1.57
|
13.28 ± 1.96
|
0.634
|
13.91 ± 2.65
|
12.89 ± 1.36
|
0.131
|
|
PTA, %
|
85.87 ± 17.42
|
89.28 ± 12.04
|
0.615
|
85.62 ± 16.02
|
89.38 ± 13.59
|
0.198
|
88.54 ± 13.99
|
87.53 ± 15.01
|
0.974
|
83.4 ± 19.2
|
89.61 ± 12.04
|
0.279
|
|
APTT, s
|
32.28 ± 5.28
|
35.79 ± 5.86
|
0.008**
|
34.39 ± 6.11
|
34.04 ± 5.69
|
0.948
|
34.42 ± 6.43
|
34.14 ± 5.75
|
0.834
|
35.4 ± 6.4
|
33.67 ± 5.57
|
0.339
|
|
FPG, mmol/L
|
7.61 ± 2.84
|
6.92 ± 2.05
|
0.355
|
7.2 ± 1.92
|
7.22 ± 2.81
|
0.281
|
6.38 ± 1.63
|
7.45 ± 2.57
|
0.069
|
7.90 ± 2.25
|
6.92 ± 2.46
|
0.032*
|
|
CRP, mg/L
|
95.73 ± 60.92
|
70.53 ± 76.14
|
0.115
|
90.4 ± 83.01
|
71.92 ± 61.85
|
0.597
|
79.43 ± 84.49
|
79.81 ± 69.09
|
0.889
|
138.21 ± 68.8
|
48.78 ± 50.86
|
0.000***
|
|
D-Dimer, μg/mL
|
2.02 ± 3.57
|
4.10 ± 5.73
|
0.187
|
3.25 ± 4.94
|
3.09 ± 5.02
|
0.234
|
1.81 ± 1.69
|
3.49 ± 5.42
|
0.759
|
6.20 ± 6.91
|
1.83 ± 3.05
|
0.006**
|
|
SAA, μg/mL
|
4.22 ± 0.33
|
4.58 ± 0.48
|
0.595
|
4.61 ± 0.42
|
4.21 ± 0.45
|
0.582
|
5.28 ± 0.81
|
4.44 ± 0.51
|
0.416
|
6.21 ± 0.65
|
3.78 ± 0.31
|
0.001***
|
|
Note,
BMI, Body Mass Index; HR, heart rate; WBC, white blood cells; RBC, red blood cells; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, Platelet; BA, basophil; EO, eosinophil; LY, lymphocyte; MO, monocyte; NE, neutrophil; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular Volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; HCT, hematocrit; PCT, platelet hematocrit; PDW, platelet distribution width; RDW, red blood cell volume distribution width; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time; PTA, prothrombin activity, INR, international normalized ratio; CK, creatine kinase; CKMB, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB; CRP, C-reactive protein; ALB, albumin; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; DBIL, direct dilirubin; TBIL, total bilirubin; CHE, cholinesterase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; TBA, total bile acid; TP, total protein; PA, pre-albumin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Na, serum sodium; CL, serum chlorine; Crea, Creatinine; CYSC, Cystatin C; K, serum kalium; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A-1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001
|
|
|
|
Table 4 The correlations between SAA levels and clinical features in AAD patients
|
Characterization
|
Indices
|
R
|
P value
|
|
Characterization
|
Indices
|
R
|
P value
|
Baseline Data
|
|
Liver function
|
|
Age, Yr
|
-0.045
|
0.584
|
|
|
ALB, g/L
|
-0.237
|
0.040*
|
|
BMI
|
0.126
|
0.123
|
|
|
ALP, U/L
|
0.124
|
0.330
|
|
HR, bmp
|
0.333
|
<0.001***
|
|
|
ALT, U/L
|
0.121
|
0.300
|
Blood routine
|
|
|
AST, U/L
|
0.163
|
0.166
|
|
WBC, ×109/L
|
0.614
|
<0.001***
|
|
|
DBIL, umol/L
|
-0.098
|
0.553
|
|
RBC, ×1012/L
|
-0.111
|
0.354
|
|
|
TBIL, umol/L
|
0.012
|
0.922
|
|
HGB, g/L
|
-0.395
|
<0.001***
|
|
|
CHE, 1000U/L
|
-0.258
|
0.053
|
|
PLT, ×109/L
|
0.091
|
0.285
|
|
|
GGT, U/L
|
0.028
|
0.811
|
|
BA, ×109/L
|
-0.101
|
0.385
|
|
|
TBA, umol/L
|
0.138
|
0.310
|
|
EO, ×109/L
|
-0.243
|
0.035*
|
|
|
TP, g/L
|
-0.177
|
0.128
|
|
LY, ×109/L
|
-0.168
|
0.147
|
|
|
PA, mg/dL
|
-0.402
|
0.002**
|
|
MO, ×109/L
|
0.085
|
0.468
|
|
|
LDH, U/L
|
0.357
|
0.006**
|
|
NE, ×109/L
|
0.257
|
0.025*
|
|
Renal function and serum electrolyte
|
|
MCH, pg
|
-0.065
|
0.574
|
|
|
Na, mmol/L
|
-0.141
|
0.224
|
|
MCHC, g/L
|
-0.202
|
0.080
|
|
|
C1q, mmol/L
|
0.026
|
0.883
|
|
MCV, fL
|
0.015
|
0.898
|
|
|
HCO3, mmol/L
|
-0.282
|
0.020*
|
|
MPV, fL
|
-0.098
|
0.405
|
|
|
CL, mmol/L
|
0.175
|
0.274
|
|
HCT, L/L
|
-0.198
|
0.148
|
|
|
Crea, mmol/L
|
-0.116
|
0.469
|
|
PCT, L/L
|
-0.011
|
0.930
|
|
|
CYSC, mg/L
|
0.248
|
0.046*
|
|
PDW, 10GSD
|
0.158
|
0.189
|
|
|
PH value
|
0.113
|
0.523
|
|
RDW, %
|
0.171
|
0.166
|
|
|
K, mmol/L
|
0.074
|
0.644
|
Blood coagulation function
|
|
|
Urea, mmol/L
|
-0.049
|
0.672
|
|
APTT, s
|
-0.241
|
0.051
|
|
|
Uric, mmol/L
|
0.182
|
0.336
|
|
PT, s
|
0.03
|
0.811
|
|
Serum lipid profile
|
|
PTA, %
|
-0.258
|
0.037*
|
|
|
ApoA1, mmol/L
|
0.117
|
0.623
|
|
INR
|
0.251
|
0.042*
|
|
|
ApoB, mmol/L
|
-0.117
|
0.623
|
|
D-Dimer, ug/ml
|
0.206
|
0.097
|
|
|
FBG, mmol/L
|
0.654
|
<0.001***
|
Cardiovascular injury-related parameters
|
|
|
HDL-C, mmol/L
|
0.195
|
0.175
|
|
CK, U/L
|
-0.039
|
0.756
|
|
|
TC, mmol/L
|
0.063
|
0.678
|
|
CKMB, U/L
|
0.213
|
0.198
|
|
|
TG, mmol/L
|
-0.223
|
0.120
|
Inflammatory response
|
|
|
LDL-C, mmol/L
|
0.026
|
0.859
|
|
CRP, mg/L
|
0.442
|
0.001***
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note,
BMI, Body Mass Index; HR, heart rate; WBC, white blood cells; RBC, red blood cells; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, Platelet; BA, basophil; EO, eosinophil; LY, lymphocyte; MO, monocyte; NE, neutrophil; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular Volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; HCT, hematocrit; PCT, platelet hematocrit; PDW, platelet distribution width; RDW, red blood cell volume distribution width; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time; PTA, prothrombin activity, INR, international normalized ratio; CK, creatine kinase; CKMB, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB; CRP, C-reactive protein; ALB, albumin; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; DBIL, direct dilirubin; TBIL, total bilirubin; CHE, cholinesterase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; TBA, total bile acid; TP, total protein; PA, pre-albumin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Na, serum sodium; CL, serum chlorine; Crea, Creatinine; CYSC, Cystatin C; K, serum kalium; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A-1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.
Table 5 Diagnostic value of SAA and its combinations with CRP and D-Dimer for AAD patients
|
|
AUC
|
95%CI
|
P-value
|
cut-off
|
Sensitivity (%)
|
Specificity (%)
|
AAD
|
0.942
|
0.902-0.981
|
<0.001
|
0.427
|
0.908
|
0.937
|
TAAD
|
0.939
|
0.873-1.004
|
<0.001
|
0.427
|
0.919
|
0.937
|
TBAD
|
0.937
|
0.883-0.990
|
<0.001
|
0.462
|
0.881
|
0.937
|
Combination
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SAA+CRP
|
0.977
|
0.955-0.999
|
<0.001
|
-
|
0.944
|
0.938
|
SAA+D-Dimer
|
0.9
|
0.838-0.963
|
<0.001
|
-
|
0.848
|
0.938
|
Death
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SAA (death v.s. survival)
|
0.732
|
0.612-0.853
|
0.001
|
4.998
|
0.739
|
0.625
|
CRP (death v.s. survival)
|
0.826
|
0.709-0.942
|
<0.001
|
82.55
|
0.789
|
0.771
|
D-Dimer (death v.s. survival)
|
0.715
|
0.562-0.869
|
0.006
|
1.945
|
0.7
|
0.739
|
NE% (death v.s. survival)
|
0.678
|
0.549-0.808
|
0.017
|
72.976
|
0.857
|
0.491
|
Note, AAD-acute aortic dissection; TAAD-type A aortic dissection; TBAD-type B aortic dissection; SAA-serum amyloid A; CRP-C reactive protein; AUC-area under the curve; NE%- neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio.
|
Table 6. Associations of parameters with the upper stratum of the SAA levels when compared with the lower stratum
|
SAA lower
|
SAA upper
|
P value
|
|
|
SAA lower
|
SAA upper
|
P value
|
OR (95%CI)
|
OR (95%CI)
|
Age, Yr
|
1 Reference
|
0.98 (0.92; 1.04)
|
0.5343
|
|
ALB, g/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.94 (0.84; 1.05)
|
0.3035
|
Hypertension, n
|
1 Reference
|
3.12 (0.76; 12.84)
|
0.1141
|
|
ALP, U/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.01 (0.99; 1.03)
|
0.3828
|
Smoker, n
|
1 Reference
|
1.64 (0.31; 8.54)
|
0.5579
|
|
ALT, U/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.01 (0.99; 1.02)
|
0.4522
|
D-Dimer, μg/mL
|
1 Reference
|
1.72 (0.79; 3.75)
|
0.1752
|
|
AST, U/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.00 (0.99; 1.02)
|
0.5672
|
CRP, mg/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.05 (1.00; 1.09)
|
0.0385
|
|
GGT, U/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.00 (1.00; 1.01)
|
0.5294
|
CAD, n
|
1 Reference
|
1.49 (0.17; 13.14)
|
0.7188
|
|
DBIL, μmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.77 (0.71; 4.43)
|
0.2232
|
Type01, n
|
1 Reference
|
1.11 (0.28; 4.50)
|
0.8787
|
|
TBIL, μmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.02 (0.94; 1.10)
|
0.6170
|
WBC, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.74 (1.18; 2.56)
|
0.0049
|
|
PA, mg/dL
|
1 Reference
|
0.83 (0.71; 0.96)
|
0.0101
|
RBC, ×1012/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.55 (0.18; 1.66)
|
0.2869
|
|
TP, g/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.97 (0.89; 1.05)
|
0.3956
|
HGB, g/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.96 (0.92; 1.00)
|
0.0711
|
|
TBA, μmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.97 (0.86; 1.10)
|
0.6683
|
PLT, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.00 (0.99; 1.01)
|
0.9735
|
|
K, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
3.31 (0.91; 12.06)
|
0.0701
|
FPG, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.17 (0.80; 1.70)
|
0.4191
|
|
CL, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.98 (0.81; 1.17)
|
0.8006
|
BA, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.18 (0.03; 1.20)
|
0.0764
|
|
Na, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.95 (0.86; 1.05)
|
0.3128
|
EO, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.79 (0.01; 114.81)
|
0.9253
|
|
HDL-C, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.06 (1.01; 1.10)
|
0.0137
|
LY, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.85 (0.77; 0.93)
|
0.0004
|
|
LDL-C, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.27 (0.52; 3.11)
|
0.6047
|
MO, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.02 (0.94; 1.10)
|
0.7075
|
|
TC, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.40 (0.56; 3.52)
|
0.4711
|
NE, ×109/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.97 (1.24; 3.11)
|
0.0039
|
|
TG, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.50 (0.15; 1.60)
|
0.2403
|
CKMB, u/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.01 (0.89; 1.15)
|
0.8363
|
|
Urea, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.17 (0.87; 1.55)
|
0.2950
|
MCH, pg
|
1 Reference
|
0.83 (0.56; 1.21)
|
0.3320
|
|
Uric, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.01 (0.98; 1.05)
|
0.3890
|
MCHC, g/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.97 (0.91; 1.04)
|
0.4322
|
|
Crea, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.09 (0.97; 1.23)
|
0.1325
|
MCV, fL
|
1 Reference
|
0.95 (0.84; 1.08)
|
0.4593
|
|
C1q, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.03 (0.98; 1.08)
|
0.2637
|
MPV, fL
|
1 Reference
|
0.77 (0.47; 1.27)
|
0.3056
|
|
HCO3, mmol/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.77 (0.57; 1.04)
|
0.0860
|
PCT, L/L
|
1 Reference
|
0.51 (0.01; 3.93)
|
0.9060
|
|
PH value
|
1 Reference
|
0.08 (0; 921.56)
|
0.5964
|
PDW, 10GSD
|
1 Reference
|
1.03 (0.80; 1.32)
|
0.8293
|
|
APTT, s
|
1 Reference
|
0.90 (0.80; 1.01)
|
0.0789
|
RDW, %
|
1 Reference
|
2.43 (0.99; 5.97)
|
0.0535
|
|
PT, s
|
1 Reference
|
1.08 (0.71; 1.64)
|
0.7235
|
LDH, U/L
|
1 Reference
|
1.01 (1.00; 1.02)
|
0.0634
|
|
PTA, s
|
1 Reference
|
0.96 (0.90; 1.02)
|
0.1644
|
Note,
HR, heart rate; WBC, white blood cells; RBC, red blood cells; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, Platelet; BA, basophil; EO, eosinophil; LY, lymphocyte; MO, monocyte; NE, neutrophil; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular Volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; HCT, hematocrit; PCT, platelet hematocrit; PDW, platelet distribution width; RDW, red blood cell volume distribution width; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time; PTA, prothrombin activity; CKMB, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB; CRP, C-reactive protein; ALB, albumin; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; DBIL, direct dilirubin; TBIL, total bilirubin; CHE, cholinesterase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; TBA, total bile acid; TP, total protein; PA, pre-albumin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Na, serum sodium; CL, serum chlorine; Crea, Creatinine; CYSC, Cystatin C; K, serum kalium; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A-1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
Table 7 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for in-hospital mortality
|
|
Model 1
|
Model 2
|
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P-value
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P-value
|
Type of AAD
|
0.47 (0.16; 1.32)
|
0.152
|
0.48 (0.17; 1.36)
|
0.167
|
HR, bmp
|
1.01 (0.97; 1.05)
|
0.584
|
1.01 (0.97; 1.05)
|
0.536
|
Hypertension, %
|
1.22 (0.41; 3.64)
|
0.724
|
1.13 (0.37; 3.40)
|
0.832
|
Smoker, %
|
0.63 (0.20; 1.96)
|
0.421
|
0.63 (0.20; 2.00)
|
0.432
|
D-Dimer, μg/mL
|
1.19 (0.98; 1.43)
|
0.074
|
1.20 (0.99; 1.46)
|
0.065
|
CRP, mg/L
|
1.02 (1.01; 1.03)
|
0.000
|
1.03 (1.01; 1.04)
|
0.000
|
WBC, ×109/L
|
1.17 (1.03; 1.32)
|
0.013
|
1.17 (1.03; 1.33)
|
0.015
|
EO, ×109/L
|
0.68 (0.40; 1.15)
|
0.148
|
0.68 (0.40; 1.16)
|
0.161
|
LY, ×109/L
|
0.92 (0.85; 0.99)
|
0.030
|
0.92 (0.85; 0.99)
|
0.031
|
NE, ×109/L
|
1.05 (1.00; 1.11)
|
0.040
|
1.06 (1.00; 1.11)
|
0.041
|
HCO3, mmol/L
|
0.69 (0.53; 0.89)
|
0.004
|
0.67 (0.51; 0.88)
|
0.004
|
LDH, U/L
|
1.00 (0.99; 1.00)
|
0.097
|
1.00 (0.99; 1.00)
|
0.151
|
FPG, mmol/L
|
1.17 (0.95; 1.44)
|
0.133
|
1.16 (0.95; 1.43)
|
0.149
|
SAA, μg/dL
|
1.22 (1.05; 1.42)
|
0.011
|
1.25 (1.07; 1.47)
|
0.005
|
Note,
AAD, acute aortic dissection; HR, heart rate; CRP, C reactive protein; WBC, white blood cell; EO, eosinophil; LY, lymphocyte; NE, neutrophil; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; SAA, serum amyloid A, CI: confidence interval, Model 1: no adjustments, Model 2: adjusted for age, gender, BMI
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