See the published version of this article at Environmental Sciences Europe.
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AEO-7 Surfactant is “super Toxic” and Induces Severe Cardiac, Liver and Locomotion Damage in Zebrafish Embryos
Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Qatar University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9252-1038
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Environmental Sciences Europe.
Background
Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether-7 (AEO-7), a non-ionic surfactant, has recently been receiving extensive attention from the ocean pipeline industry for its ability to inhibit corrosion. However, the present lack of information concerning the potential environmental toxicity of AEO-7, especially towards aquatic organisms, is a major impediment to its wider application. Here, we assess potential adverse effects of AEO-7 on zebrafish embryos employing a variety of assays, including (i) a mortality/survival assay which allowed the median lethal concentration (LC50) to be calculated; (ii) a teratogenicity assay on the basis of which the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was determined; and (iii) specific assays of cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity (based on locomotion), hematopoietic toxicity (the level of hemoglobin as revealed by o-dianisidine staining) and hepatotoxicity (liver steatosis and yolk retention examined by staining with Oil Red O).
Results
AEO-7 caused mortality with a calculated LC50 of 15.35 μg/L, which, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Acute Toxicity Rating scale, should be considered “super toxic”. Although at its NOEC (0.8 μg/L), there were no signs of significant teratogenicity, cardiotoxicity, or hemopoiesis toxicity, 3.2 µg/L AEO-7 exerted dramatic detrimental effects on organ development.
Conclusion
On the basis of these findings, we recommend that the industrial usage and environmental impact of AEO-7 be re-evaluated and strictly monitored by environmental and public health organizations.
Keywords
AEO-7, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, zebrafish
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On 21 Sep, 2020
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This preprint is under consideration at Environmental Sciences Europe. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
AEO-7 Surfactant is “super Toxic” and Induces Severe Cardiac, Liver and Locomotion Damage in Zebrafish Embryos
Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Qatar University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9252-1038
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 1
Posted 22 Sep, 2020
Published
On 11 Nov, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 18 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 17 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 09 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 21 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 18 Sep, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 17 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 17 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Sep, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Health Policy
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Environmental Sciences Europe.
Background
Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether-7 (AEO-7), a non-ionic surfactant, has recently been receiving extensive attention from the ocean pipeline industry for its ability to inhibit corrosion. However, the present lack of information concerning the potential environmental toxicity of AEO-7, especially towards aquatic organisms, is a major impediment to its wider application. Here, we assess potential adverse effects of AEO-7 on zebrafish embryos employing a variety of assays, including (i) a mortality/survival assay which allowed the median lethal concentration (LC50) to be calculated; (ii) a teratogenicity assay on the basis of which the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was determined; and (iii) specific assays of cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity (based on locomotion), hematopoietic toxicity (the level of hemoglobin as revealed by o-dianisidine staining) and hepatotoxicity (liver steatosis and yolk retention examined by staining with Oil Red O).
Results
AEO-7 caused mortality with a calculated LC50 of 15.35 μg/L, which, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Acute Toxicity Rating scale, should be considered “super toxic”. Although at its NOEC (0.8 μg/L), there were no signs of significant teratogenicity, cardiotoxicity, or hemopoiesis toxicity, 3.2 µg/L AEO-7 exerted dramatic detrimental effects on organ development.
Conclusion
On the basis of these findings, we recommend that the industrial usage and environmental impact of AEO-7 be re-evaluated and strictly monitored by environmental and public health organizations.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7