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Research
Anna-Leena Lohiniva
Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
Corresponding Author
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Background: Abuse of antibiotics is a major contributing factor to the emergence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) globally. Misuse of antibiotics is common also in Sudan.
Objectives: The project aimed to develop a theory driven behavior change strategy based on local understanding of drivers of antibiotic use at primary healthcare settings in Gezira State in Sudan.
Methods: The strategy was designed based on the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify behavioral barriers and the Behavior Change Wheel to select appropriate behavior change techniques The process included (1) a formative qualitative research study (2) a knowledge co-production workshop that utilized the results of the qualitative study and aimed to design a salient, legitimate and credible behavior change strategy identifying relevant behavior change techniques (BCTs) to overcome key barriers.
Results: The main TDF domains that emerged from the discussions were knowledge of antibiotics and AMR, skills to answer patient demand on antibiotics, prescription habits and work exhaustion, social influences, intention to change prescription practices and environmental factors. The main TDF domains that emerged through discussions with patients were antibiotic use habits, social influences, professional role belief in capabilities and intention to change. The workshop discussions resulted in the selection of five BTCs that included education, training, modeling, enablement and persuasion.
Conclusion: This study, using the TDF and BCW taxonomy, identified that antibiotic prescribing is influenced by social and contextual factors. Knowledge co- production offered real benefits in addressing these complexities to come up with a set of context appropriate behavior change interventions.
Keywords
behavior change, behavior change wheel, theory based intervention, antibiotic use, primary healthcare
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version (no preprint)
Posted 13 Sep, 2021
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 13 Sep, 2021
Editor assigned
On 09 Aug, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 09 Aug, 2021
Editor invited
On 09 Aug, 2021
First submitted
On 07 Aug, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version (no preprint)
Posted 14 Jul, 2021
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Jul, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 17 Jun, 2021
Reviews received
Received 16 Jun, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 16 Jun, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 16 Jun, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Jun, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 May, 2021
Editor assigned
On 30 May, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 30 May, 2021
Editor invited
On 30 May, 2021
First submitted
On 23 May, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version (no preprint)
Posted 03 May, 2021
Editorial decision: Revise before peer review
On 03 May, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 01 May, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 24 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 31 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 10 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 10 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 10 Feb, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version 1
Posted 28 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 11 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 16 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 22 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 21 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 21 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 21 Sep, 2020
Metrics
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PDF Downloads: ...
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Subject Areas
Scientific Communication
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This preprint is under consideration at Implementation Science Communications. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Anna-Leena Lohiniva
Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version (no preprint)
Posted 13 Sep, 2021
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 13 Sep, 2021
Editor assigned
On 09 Aug, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 09 Aug, 2021
Editor invited
On 09 Aug, 2021
First submitted
On 07 Aug, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version (no preprint)
Posted 14 Jul, 2021
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Jul, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 17 Jun, 2021
Reviews received
Received 16 Jun, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 16 Jun, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 16 Jun, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Jun, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 May, 2021
Editor assigned
On 30 May, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 30 May, 2021
Editor invited
On 30 May, 2021
First submitted
On 23 May, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version (no preprint)
Posted 03 May, 2021
Editorial decision: Revise before peer review
On 03 May, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 01 May, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 24 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 31 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 10 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 10 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 10 Feb, 2021
This version was not preprinted
Version 1
Posted 28 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 11 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 16 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 22 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 21 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 21 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 21 Sep, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Scientific Communication
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Abuse of antibiotics is a major contributing factor to the emergence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) globally. Misuse of antibiotics is common also in Sudan.
Objectives: The project aimed to develop a theory driven behavior change strategy based on local understanding of drivers of antibiotic use at primary healthcare settings in Gezira State in Sudan.
Methods: The strategy was designed based on the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify behavioral barriers and the Behavior Change Wheel to select appropriate behavior change techniques The process included (1) a formative qualitative research study (2) a knowledge co-production workshop that utilized the results of the qualitative study and aimed to design a salient, legitimate and credible behavior change strategy identifying relevant behavior change techniques (BCTs) to overcome key barriers.
Results: The main TDF domains that emerged from the discussions were knowledge of antibiotics and AMR, skills to answer patient demand on antibiotics, prescription habits and work exhaustion, social influences, intention to change prescription practices and environmental factors. The main TDF domains that emerged through discussions with patients were antibiotic use habits, social influences, professional role belief in capabilities and intention to change. The workshop discussions resulted in the selection of five BTCs that included education, training, modeling, enablement and persuasion.
Conclusion: This study, using the TDF and BCW taxonomy, identified that antibiotic prescribing is influenced by social and contextual factors. Knowledge co- production offered real benefits in addressing these complexities to come up with a set of context appropriate behavior change interventions.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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