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Research article
Johannes Michael Bergmann
Deutsches Zentrum fur Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Standort Witten
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9942-4633
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Organizational health care research focuses on describing structures and processes in organizations and investigating their impact on the quality of health care. In the setting of residential long-term care, this effort includes the examination and description of structural differences among the organizations (e.g., nursing homes). The objective of the analysis is to develop an empirical typology of living units in nursing homes that differ in their structural characteristics.
Methods: Data from the DemenzMonitor Study were used. The DemenzMonitor is an observational study carried out in a convenience sample of 103 living units in 51 nursing homes spread over 11 German federal states. Characteristics of living units were measured by 19 variables related to staffing, work organization, building characteristics and meal preparation. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) are suitable to create a typology of living units. Both methods are multivariate and explorative. We present a comparison with a previous typology (created by a nonexplorative and nonmultivariate process) of the living units derived from the same data set.
Results: The MCA revealed differences among the living units, which are defined in particular by the size of the living unit (number of beds), the additional qualifications of the head nurse, the living concept and the presence of additional financing through a separate benefit agreement. We identified three types of living units; these clusters occur significantly with a certain combination of characteristics. In terms of content, the three clusters can be defined as: "house community", "dementia special care units” and "usual care".
Conclusion: A typology is useful to gain a deeper understanding of the differences in the care structures of residential long-term care organizations. In addition, the study provides a practical recommendation on how to apply the results, enabling housing units to be assigned to a certain type. The typology can be used as a reference for definitions.
Keywords
Nursing, Multiple Correspondence Analysis, Explorative, Typology, Care structures, Residential long-term care, Hierarchical Clustering
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View the published article at BMC Health Services Research.
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Posted 21 May, 2020
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Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 27 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 24 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 19 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 Mar, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 28 Jan, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 27 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 29 Nov, 2019
Editor assigned
On 14 Nov, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 13 Nov, 2019
Editor invited
On 13 Nov, 2019
First submitted
On 12 Nov, 2019
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Subject Areas
Health Policy
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Health Services Research.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Johannes Michael Bergmann
Deutsches Zentrum fur Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Standort Witten
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9942-4633
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Health Services Research.
Version 3
Posted 21 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 27 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 24 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 19 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 Mar, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 28 Jan, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 27 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 29 Nov, 2019
Editor assigned
On 14 Nov, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 13 Nov, 2019
Editor invited
On 13 Nov, 2019
First submitted
On 12 Nov, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Health Policy
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Health Services Research.
Background: Organizational health care research focuses on describing structures and processes in organizations and investigating their impact on the quality of health care. In the setting of residential long-term care, this effort includes the examination and description of structural differences among the organizations (e.g., nursing homes). The objective of the analysis is to develop an empirical typology of living units in nursing homes that differ in their structural characteristics.
Methods: Data from the DemenzMonitor Study were used. The DemenzMonitor is an observational study carried out in a convenience sample of 103 living units in 51 nursing homes spread over 11 German federal states. Characteristics of living units were measured by 19 variables related to staffing, work organization, building characteristics and meal preparation. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) are suitable to create a typology of living units. Both methods are multivariate and explorative. We present a comparison with a previous typology (created by a nonexplorative and nonmultivariate process) of the living units derived from the same data set.
Results: The MCA revealed differences among the living units, which are defined in particular by the size of the living unit (number of beds), the additional qualifications of the head nurse, the living concept and the presence of additional financing through a separate benefit agreement. We identified three types of living units; these clusters occur significantly with a certain combination of characteristics. In terms of content, the three clusters can be defined as: "house community", "dementia special care units” and "usual care".
Conclusion: A typology is useful to gain a deeper understanding of the differences in the care structures of residential long-term care organizations. In addition, the study provides a practical recommendation on how to apply the results, enabling housing units to be assigned to a certain type. The typology can be used as a reference for definitions.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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