Through encapsulating functional materials, metal–organic framework (MOF) composites show extraordinary potential in various fields due to the excellent synergistic effects between the host and guests. However, many attracting functional species, such as enzymes, could be easily damaged during the synthesis of MOF composites. Herein we report a new strategy, namely pressure-amorphization-stimulation-recovery (PASR), in which crystalline MOFs were transferred to the amorphous MOFs at certain mechanical pressure, followed by recrystallization process to encapsulate functional species into MOF crystals. The reversible phase transition avoids high temperature, high ionic strength, strong acid/base conditions, etc., which is suitable for many types of functional species. To prove the feasibility of this method, enzymes, anti-cancer drugs, noble metal nanoparticles and other functional materials, have been trapped into MOFs using this strategy. The synthesized MOF composites can maintain 95.6% of the enzyme activity under the treatment of protease, or reach 40% drug loading, or achieve 98% size selectivity for olefins. This strategy has been extended to several types of MOF structures and it will pave a new way for designing MOF composites and developing further applications.