Deployment of a Lorawan Network and Evaluation of Tracking Devices in the Context of Smart Cities
Recent public cooperation between the Federal University of Technology Paraná and Toledo Municipality plans to implement the concept of smart cities in this city. In this context, one of the applications under development intends to track the recyclable garbage collector trucks in real time over the Internet. Actually, fleet vehicle tracking is one of the main applications for smart cities. LoRaWAN stands out among network technologies for smart cities due to operating in an open frequency range, covering long distances with low power consumption and low equipment cost. However, the coverage and performance of LoRaWAN is directly affected by both the environment and configuration parameters. In addition, tracking devices must be able to send its coordinates to the Internet even when the vehicle goes through zones where there are obstacles for electromagnetic waves, such as elevated buildings or valleys. In this paper we perform experimental investigations to evaluate four LoRaWAN tracking devices, two out of the box commercial and two assembled and programmed. The behavior of each tracking device is analyzed when moving through three representative urban areas. As the devices depend on the quality of the signal offered by the network, we also present the results of the development and evaluation of the LoRaWAN network, planning its coverage throughout the city. Results of tracking devices were analyzed under quantitative and qualitative aspects, including the received signal strength indication (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), package delivery ratio (PDR), and spreading factor (SF) for the geographic coordinates received.
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Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.
Posted 27 Oct, 2020
Received 27 Dec, 2020
Received 23 Dec, 2020
Received 21 Dec, 2020
On 29 Nov, 2020
On 23 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 22 Nov, 2020
On 22 Nov, 2020
On 22 Oct, 2020
On 22 Oct, 2020
On 21 Oct, 2020
On 21 Oct, 2020
Deployment of a Lorawan Network and Evaluation of Tracking Devices in the Context of Smart Cities
Posted 27 Oct, 2020
Received 27 Dec, 2020
Received 23 Dec, 2020
Received 21 Dec, 2020
On 29 Nov, 2020
On 23 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 22 Nov, 2020
On 22 Nov, 2020
On 22 Oct, 2020
On 22 Oct, 2020
On 21 Oct, 2020
On 21 Oct, 2020
Recent public cooperation between the Federal University of Technology Paraná and Toledo Municipality plans to implement the concept of smart cities in this city. In this context, one of the applications under development intends to track the recyclable garbage collector trucks in real time over the Internet. Actually, fleet vehicle tracking is one of the main applications for smart cities. LoRaWAN stands out among network technologies for smart cities due to operating in an open frequency range, covering long distances with low power consumption and low equipment cost. However, the coverage and performance of LoRaWAN is directly affected by both the environment and configuration parameters. In addition, tracking devices must be able to send its coordinates to the Internet even when the vehicle goes through zones where there are obstacles for electromagnetic waves, such as elevated buildings or valleys. In this paper we perform experimental investigations to evaluate four LoRaWAN tracking devices, two out of the box commercial and two assembled and programmed. The behavior of each tracking device is analyzed when moving through three representative urban areas. As the devices depend on the quality of the signal offered by the network, we also present the results of the development and evaluation of the LoRaWAN network, planning its coverage throughout the city. Results of tracking devices were analyzed under quantitative and qualitative aspects, including the received signal strength indication (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), package delivery ratio (PDR), and spreading factor (SF) for the geographic coordinates received.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14
Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.