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Background: IgE reactivity to fish allergens in atopic dogs, which are used as models for food allergy, has not been elucidated to date. We investigated IgE reactivity to crude extracts and purified allergens derived from the Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in atopic dogs to identify the allergenic proteins of cod.
Results: The levels of specific IgE to crude cod extracts were measured in the sera of 179 atopic dogs, including 27 dogs with cod allergy, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Specific IgE to crude cod extracts were present in 36 (20%) of the 179 atopic dogs and in 12 (44%) of the 27 dogs with cod allergy. The allergens in crude cod extracts were analyzed by ELISA, immunoblotting, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In allergen component analysis, IgE reactivity to tropomyosin and enolase was observed in the sera of dogs with cod allergy. IgE reactivity to parvalbumin, collagen, and tropomyosin was evaluated using the sera of atopic dogs that tested positive for specific IgE to crude cod extracts. Among the 36 dogs with IgE reactivity to crude cod extracts, 9 (25%), 14 (39%), and 18 (50%) dogs tested positive for specific IgE to parvalbumin, collagen, and tropomyosin, respectively.
Conclusions: The IgE reactivity to cod allergens observed in dogs was similar to that in humans, and this finding further supports the use of atopic dogs with fish allergy as a model for fish allergy in humans.
Keywords
fish allergy, atopic dermatitis, animal model, immunoglobulin E, allergen component
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- Additionalfile1.pdf
Additional file 1 - Supplementary Data Supplementary Table 1; Clinical characteristics of dogs with IgE reactivity to crude cod extracts. Supplementary Table 2; Amino acid sequence homology of tropomyosin from different species and from Liza aurata using BLASTP. Supplementary Figure 1; Flow diagram for study participants. Supplementary Figure 2; IgE reactivity to tropomyosin from four different fishes and house dust mite (dog no. 34). Supplementary Figure 3. Non-cropped, non-modified images (A) of the Coomassie blue-stained SDS-PAGE and (B) of immunoblotting for crude cod extracts.
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Veterinary Research.
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Editorial decision: Accept
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Editor assigned
On 19 Jun, 2020
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On 18 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 18 Jun, 2020
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Editorial decision: Major revision
On 04 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 15 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Feb, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 11 Feb, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 03 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 15 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 31 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 17 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Dec, 2019
Editor assigned
On 12 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 11 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 11 Dec, 2019
First submitted
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Small Animal Medicine
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Veterinary Research.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Veterinary Research.
Version 4
Posted 04 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 04 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 02 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 02 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editor assigned
On 19 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 18 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 18 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 04 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 15 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Feb, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 11 Feb, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 03 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 15 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 31 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 17 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Dec, 2019
Editor assigned
On 12 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 11 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 11 Dec, 2019
First submitted
On 10 Dec, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Small Animal Medicine
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Veterinary Research.
Background: IgE reactivity to fish allergens in atopic dogs, which are used as models for food allergy, has not been elucidated to date. We investigated IgE reactivity to crude extracts and purified allergens derived from the Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in atopic dogs to identify the allergenic proteins of cod.
Results: The levels of specific IgE to crude cod extracts were measured in the sera of 179 atopic dogs, including 27 dogs with cod allergy, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Specific IgE to crude cod extracts were present in 36 (20%) of the 179 atopic dogs and in 12 (44%) of the 27 dogs with cod allergy. The allergens in crude cod extracts were analyzed by ELISA, immunoblotting, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In allergen component analysis, IgE reactivity to tropomyosin and enolase was observed in the sera of dogs with cod allergy. IgE reactivity to parvalbumin, collagen, and tropomyosin was evaluated using the sera of atopic dogs that tested positive for specific IgE to crude cod extracts. Among the 36 dogs with IgE reactivity to crude cod extracts, 9 (25%), 14 (39%), and 18 (50%) dogs tested positive for specific IgE to parvalbumin, collagen, and tropomyosin, respectively.
Conclusions: The IgE reactivity to cod allergens observed in dogs was similar to that in humans, and this finding further supports the use of atopic dogs with fish allergy as a model for fish allergy in humans.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- Additionalfile1.pdf
Additional file 1 - Supplementary Data Supplementary Table 1; Clinical characteristics of dogs with IgE reactivity to crude cod extracts. Supplementary Table 2; Amino acid sequence homology of tropomyosin from different species and from Liza aurata using BLASTP. Supplementary Figure 1; Flow diagram for study participants. Supplementary Figure 2; IgE reactivity to tropomyosin from four different fishes and house dust mite (dog no. 34). Supplementary Figure 3. Non-cropped, non-modified images (A) of the Coomassie blue-stained SDS-PAGE and (B) of immunoblotting for crude cod extracts.
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