General practice is a new secondary discipline, specializing in clinical practice, but there are also many practical problems that need to be further verified and solved through scientific research.Scientific research is indispensable to the development of general practice, which is of great significance to promote the development of general practice, improve the status of general practitioners, strengthen the teamwork of general practice, and deepen the reform of community health [6].At present, the scientific research foundation of general practice is still weak :(1) community health service centers often lack scientific research facilities and high-level scientific research talents;(2) the basic research of general medicine specialty is weak, and the previous research volume is small;(3) lack of clear research direction and goals;(4) more clinical work, less attention to scientific research, with fear.All of the above are important reasons for the backwardness of general medical research.
From our survey of 931 general practitioners, we found that as the professional title improved, the more time spent in general practice, the greater the interest in scientific research, the more articles published, and the more project funding received.However, there was no significant difference in the promotion requirements for scientific research, the choice of scientific research direction and the hospital in which the scientific research team joined, indicating that general practitioners had the same direction and choice for scientific research.In further studies on related factors, we found that hospital grade, time spent in general practice, and master's and doctor's degree were independent influencing factors.The higher the level of the hospital, the greater the demand for articles. On the contrary, the longer the general practice, the less the demand for articles.And different levels of hospitals, promotion needs different requirements.From the analysis of individual factors, it is found that general practitioners who choose to work in tertiary hospitals, have the title of chief physician, master's degree and doctor's degree, are interested in scientific research, are interested in participating in scientific research training, are required by the unit for promotion, have joined the scientific research team and are more inclined to devote their spare time to scientific research.The number of articles published by general practitioners was positively correlated with age, hospital grade, professional title, and participation in scientific research teams.The number of general practitioners receiving funding is positively correlated with age, hospital grade, professional title, and participation in scientific research teams.It can be seen that the scientific research needs of general practitioners are significantly correlated with hospital grades and doctor titles.
For comprehensive hospitals, they often need the coordinated development of medical, teaching and research, with the goal of cultivating the advantages of excellent talents and focusing on innovative scientific research [7].Therefore, general practitioners in general hospitals have better hardware conditions and teams for scientific research, so they pay more attention to scientific research.However, from the professional level, the scientific research ability of general practice is still lower than that of other specialties, mainly because of the discipline characteristics of general practice.Although there are many scientific research projects in comprehensive hospitals, most of them exceed the scope of general practice and require more basic research, which is a major weakness for general practitioners who focus on clinical practice.In addition, general practice started relatively late in China, and the current researches mainly focus on teaching and training, chronic disease management and other aspects, which cannot be compared with the specialties with profound research foundation from the perspective of basic research.At the same time, the general medical profession currently lack for general practitioners of cultivating the ability of scientific research projects, general practitioners often only on small subject for research, and is under more pressure of promotion, this is not conducive to the scientific research ability of general practitioners, cannot stimulate the gp scientific research and creative ability and interest, has affected the initiative of the scientific research [8].Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen scientific research physicians, closely combine clinical practice with research, and encourage general practitioners to actively participate in the research work of scientific research projects, so as to improve their interest in scientific research and cultivate their innovation ability [9].
From the perspective of community health service centers, the lack of scientific research hardware and funds is the main reason why large-scale scientific research cannot be carried out at the grassroots level.At the same time, the grassroots did not list scientific research projects as promotion requirements, which also greatly reduced the desire for scientific research of general practitioners, facing scientific research ambivalence.However, due to the limitation of scientific research hardware and software as well as the lack of initiative, the academic leaders at the basic level of general science also have low scientific level and lack of consciousness of creating scientific research teams.However, under the implementation of medical reform, general practitioners should not only strengthen their clinical skills, but also their comprehensive scientific research ability [10]. The development of general practitioners' scientific research is the need of discipline development, as well as the improvement of general practitioners' comprehensive ability [11].General practitioners have always been known as "generalists", who need to master knowledge of various disciplines. In particular, general practitioners working at the grassroots level will receive and treat patients with various chief complaints for various reasons every day. Therefore, the scientific research of general practitioners should serve for clinical purposes.
To sum up, the purpose of scientific research conducted by general practitioners is to use scientific principles and methods to solve practical problems in clinical practice.Community health service center is an advantageous place for the research on two-way referral and resident file management, which can not be replaced by other secondary and tertiary hospitals.Similarly, the scientific research of general practitioners can be inclined to the management of chronic diseases and the early prevention of diseases, which is also the disciplinary feature of general practice and cannot be replaced by other specialized institutes.At the same time, scientific research is an important means to improve the comprehensive ability of general practitioners. On the one hand, it can make general practitioners more rigorous in clinical thinking [12]; on the other hand, it can also enable general practitioners to timely grasp the frontier of disciplines and grasp the latest academic trends [13].One of the personal values of general practitioners lies in scientific research [14]. Through scientific research, they actively communicate with other disciplines and keep abreast of the latest academic trends, which is also conducive to the promotion of academic status.General practitioners can solve clinical problems through complete scientific research, so as to better serve patients [15].Therefore, as a secondary discipline, general medicine also needs scholars who love scientific research, a strong scientific research team, an active academic atmosphere, and a sound management strategy to turn clinical problems into scientific research, which runs through clinical research and converts the results of scientific research into clinical application.