Due to environment and energy generation tradeoff, improved environmental benefits seem to outweigh the deterioration in economic activities such as energy exploitation (Wesseh & Lin, 2016). Many people claim outcomes of coal power plant restart and non-nuke policy were rejected by referendum in Taiwan, not only affects energy replenishment but also undermines economic development. However, the views were criticized for politicization due to the coal power plant was detrimental but no nuke beneficial for the environment. These distinctive energy policies probably a significant difference. Economic growth and environmental protection were thought traditional trade-off which could be replaced by innovative comprehensive integration an alternative such as energy diversification, renewable energy exploitation, AI, and IoT application is supported by the previous study Wessh & Lin, 2016.
Table 1 a total of online 35 respondents characteristics 17 Female (48.57%), 18 Male (51.43%); 10 Young (28.57%), 13 Middle (37.14%), 12 Elder (34.29%); 15 Environment (42.86%), 20 Non-environment (57.14%) including community resident, neighbor cities citizen, graduate student, elemental, junior high school teacher, professor, Local Administration, Coast Guard, Taiwan Power Company, Environmental Protection Agent and the Council of Agriculture. Table 1.1 primary data of online snowball sampling a total of 66 Respondents on 17/Dec/2019. These participants contained members of families, relatives, classmates, colleagues, career covering undergraduate, postgraduate, senior high school students, charity, local administration, construction employee, designee employee, business owner, environmental protection agent, professors participated in Plan “A” LNG under MSP for energy replenishment and Plan “B” creating autonomous energy diversification framework through ICZM linking Big Data, IoT, AI Innovation for SCCD.
4.1 Interview Results Was Supported by Previous Studies
Pseudonym John and Brown recommended activating a discarded power plant where the place around 500 meters away from current LPG at coastal EBSA under MSP to develop economics and protect EBSA for energy replenishment and was supported by previous studies. Such as MSP attempted to integrate diverse systems, engaging indigenous peoples and local communities (Nai'a Lewis, John Parks, & Gustavo San Martin, 2017) and offered multi-functionality, integrity, easy use, freely available as an integrated management tool (Pınarbaşı et al., 2017) to focus on achieving specific objectives, related to nationally important strategic priorities, complex, fragmented, and ad hoc emergent processes (Peter J.S. Jones a, 2016). While finding energy deficiency, environmental protection, and economic development are interrelated and attributed to high technology industries' non-stop operation consumed substantial electricity because economic growth required sufficient stable energy supply.
4.2 LNG Energy Replenishment. The Null Hypothesis Was Not Rejected, Consistent with Interview Result, and Supported by the Previous Studies.
Supporting cleaner energy LNG for the production of electricity as an alternative approach to increase sustainable production with renewable energy resources (Markopoulos, 2019). LNG tanks deposit and pipeline transportation energy should be approved by the coastal community. A tangible fact of energy deficiency demonstrated great value than an intangible SCCD slogan. Table 2 Plan “A” LNG through MSP for energy replenishment and Plan “B” energy diversification linking Big Data, AI, IoT under ICZM for CCSD Total 35 respondents were collected on 24/Dec/2018. Plan “A” "Disagree" 42.86% but "No Comment Total" 34.29% + "Agree Total" 22.86% = 57.14%. Table 2.1 a total of 101 respondents contain 66 respondents on 17/Dec/2019 and 35 on 24/Dec/2018. The Plan “A” "Disagree Total" declining to 25.74% from 42.86% of Table 2 reflected Plan A LNG in EBSA could be possible for developments. Plan B "Agree Total" 82.18% is similar to previous research 35 respondents 80.00% and illustration Plan B is supported.
Table 3 illustration the gender, environment, and age was no significant difference from clean energy exploitation in EBSA for SCCD. Online sampling 35 respondents were collected on 24/Dec/2018. All P-Value of Gender group 0.912, Age 0.748, Environment 0.565 were greater than significant interval alpha 0.05; F 0.013, 0.304, 0.390 is less than critical value 7.708, 5.143, 7.708 respectively. Table 3.1 LNG 35 respondents on 24/Dec/2018 + snowball sampling 66 on 17/Dec/2019 were Total 101. The P-Value of Environment 0.170, Gender 0.361, Age 0.112 were greater than significant interval alpha 0.05, F 1.061, 2.784, 3.222 are less than critical value 7.708, 7.708, 5.143 respectively indicating no significant difference and LNG the null hypothesis “ Upgrading LPG to LNG Develops Economics and Protect EBSA through MSP for Energy Replenishment is acceptable “ was not rejected, consistent with the interview and is supported by previous studies. Such as LNG technology is seen as a factor in decreasing delivery costs, lower capital, operative expenditures and has become a competitive and sustainable option for energy production. It is possible to use re-gasified LNG from any receiving terminal, trading the same resource to prepare for energy production and immediate consumption (Markopoulos, 2019). LNG establishment will conflict with current sectors including fisheries, port, and terminals are been zoning, MSP management approach may reduce the conflicts (Mannan, 2019). MSP a way of easing tensions has not been exploited due to the limitations imposed by legal and administrative barriers (Quero García et al., 2020). Although EBSA was important. However, some citizens prefer tangible energy resources supply with no blackout is important than political slogan intangible sustainable development in EBSA.
4.2.1 Finding no sufficient evidence is determined as a policy to reject or support LNG in EBSA through MSP for energy replenishment.
Fig1 "Agree" Male 7/18=38.89% is greater than Female 1/17= 5.88% ."Disagree" Male 8/18=44.44% is greater than Female 7/17=41.18% "No Comment" Male 3/18=16.67% is less than Female 9/17= 52.94%. The view probably implicated Females less interest in LNG than males causing “Agree” and “No comment” significant difference. The total "Disagree" 42.86% is less than "Agree" 22.86% + "No Comment" 34.28% indicating LPG exploitation in EBSA is acceptable and consistent with interview results. The argument EBSA is important than LNG because of alternative renewable energy such as solar, offshore wind-farm substitutes LNG and protects EBSA which views are supported by previous studies as the following contents of the renewable energy section. Therefore, no sufficient evidence is determined as a policy to reject or support LNG in EBSA for energy replenishment. EBSA is significantly important, however, many citizens assert that stable tangible energy with no blackout demonstrates great value than an intangible political slogan.
4.2.2 Renewable Energy Is Supported
Renewable energy is collected from renewable resources, naturally replenished sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and offers energy generation, air, water heating, transportation, rural energy services to play a key role in achieving environmental sustainability (Ike, Usman, Alola, & Sarkodie, 2020). Probably the coastal community preferred tangible electricity no blackout than intangible political slogan sustainable development or maybe LNG replaced by alternative renewable energy, solar power, offshore wind-farm for energy generation. Nevertheless, the irreversible loss will be incurred in EBSA once the harm happened. Setting criteria for the prioritization of stakeholders incorporate trade-off mechanisms and adapt to new marine renewable energy technologies (Salvador, Gimeno, & Sanz Larruga, 2019). Offshore energy has been a principal driver for MSP processes, predominantly offshore wind, further expansion of offshore and ocean energy is expected (Yates, 2018). MSP definitively drives marine renewable energy, offshore facilities, compatibility improvement, stakeholders integration, environmental conservation of sensitive areas, and cross-border co-operation (Quero García, García Sanabria, & Chica Ruiz, 2019). Environmental degradation and habit destruction caused EBSA irreversible loss for decades. Clean or renewable energy generated electricity and protected the environment for SCCD. Renewable biomass photosynthesis was versatile renewable sources and applied for biohydrogen production, aquatic plants, and household effluents. Biohydrogen demonstrates the fermentative conversion of biomass to regain the balance of depleting natural non-renewable resources (Mishra et al., 2019). Renewable energy stable growth mainly fostered by policies, increasing demand played a crucial role in driving global energy transformation and offered a comprehensive perspective development (Wang, Li, Sun, Xu, & Zhang, 2018).
4.3 Energy Diversification. The Null Hypothesis Was Not Rejected and Supported by Previous Studies
Energy discipline involvement politics, commercial, environment affected sustainability, alternative approaches, and production form (Harjanne & Korhonen, 2019). Energy diversification conveys heavily relying on the sole source that exposes a country vulnerable to disruptions or shocks. Energy-importing countries had few changes in diversification, the extent was taken of political risk (Cohen, Joutz, & Loungani, 2011). Nuclear waste was asserted detrimental to the environment, ecosystem service, and irreversible harm for the next generation. The deadline year 2025 of non-nuke energy policy in Taiwan is inappropriate due to without enough renewable energy for replenishment, simultaneously, electricity consumption hiking and nuclear energy no consensus. The global energy-environment dynamics are based on the implementation of energy diversification for a global drive towards a cleaner environment and sustainable economic development (Ike et al., 2020).
Table 4 all P-Value at Environment Group 0.774, Gender 0954, Age 0.964 were greater than significant interval alpha 0.05 and F 0.107, 0.004, 0.037 were less than critical value 18.512, 18,512, 9.552. Table 4.1 the 35 respondents on 24/Dec/2018 + 66 conducting online snowball sampling on 17/Dec/2019 = total 101 all P-Value of Environment 0.6903, Gender 0.7924, Age 0.8478 were greater than significant interval alpha 0.05 and F 0.183, 0.079, 0.172 were less than critical value 7.708, 7.708, 6.944 respectively. These indicating no significant difference, and the null hypothesis of energy diversification through ICZM linking Big Data, IoT, AI innovation for SCCD was not rejected and supported by previous studies. Such as future marine plans must stress on cross-border cooperation. MSP diversity offered alternative approaches in the planning of marine energy uses (Quero García et al., 2019). The ICZM provides economic benefits, healthy coastal ecosystems for reducing vulnerability and innovative approaches for the protection of sustainable investment in coastal communities (Maldonado et al., 2020). The portfolio of energy diversification is asserted essentially for security and alleviate risk. The analysis showed the energy diversification framework through ICZM for SCCD was imperative. ICZM considers the development use and conservation from anthropic pressures on environmental and socio-economic in the coastal zone (Giordano & Ferraro, 2020). Alternative combinations of resources, technologies, and policies were found capable of attaining future energy pathways to improve energy access, air quality, and security (Gielen et al., 2019).
4.3.1 Finding Male More Support LNG in EBSA for Energy Replenishment and Energy Diversification for SCCD
Social-cultural factors advance gender-sensitive policymaking to facilitate the choice of investing in friendly environmental energy solutions (Foudi, Silvestri, Bartek-Lesi, Diallo, & Csutora, 2019). Fig.1.1 "Agree" Male 22/43=51.16% is greater than Female 18/58 =31.03% indicating Male more support LNG in the EBSA under MSP for energy replenishment as same as Figure 1. Figure 2 autonomous energy diversification framework through ICZM linking Big Data, IoT, AI innovation for SCCD. Total "Agree" 28 (80%), No Comment 7 (20%), "Disagree" 0 (0%), Male 16/18=88.89% is greater than Female 12/17= 70.59% indicating more support energy diversification. Figure 2.1 Plan “B” Total “Agree” 83 (82.18%), “No Comment” 18 (15.84%), “Disagree” 2 (1.98%) demonstration overwhelmingly supported. The 35 respondents were collected on 24/Dec/2018 + Online Snowball Sampling 66 on 17/Dec/2019 = Total 101. "Agree" Male 37/43 = 86.05% is greater than Female 46/58=79.31% indicating more support energy diversification is consistent with the previous study. Such as the energy choices may differ from gender ideologies, thus designing energy policies and direct investments suggest considering gender-sensitive as well as social, economical and environmental sustainability (Foudi et al., 2019).
4.3.2 ICZM Linking Big Data, IoT, AI Innovation for SCCD
Sectoral management coastal zones failed to offer a whole picture of interactions between various uses (Chen, Lee, & Liu, 2019). ICZM provides conservation, protection, management integrated the mechanistic understanding of marine ecosystem processes with economic tradeoff (Lowerre-Barbieri, Catalán, Frugård Opdal, & Jørgensen, 2019) and combines the economic, social, environmental aspects to reduce conflict, moreover regulation for all fields affecting the coastal zone, all stakeholders involved (Maldonado et al., 2020). Big data indicated strategy applications in every field and the demand for transcended across all sectors (Rabah, 2018). AI data discipline was revealed by IoT offered smart, affordable, reliable, and highly efficient services (Dupont, Cousin, & Dupont, 2018). IoT showed portable, low cost, versatile, and allowed sharing information through the cloud of ICZM for aquaculture farm economic improvement and environmental control (Encinas, Ruiz, Cortez, & Espinoza, 2017). AI, IoT delivers socio-economic benefits such as reducing accidents and increasing productivity (Castro & McLaughlin, 2019). New data technology advances in analytical capacity through Big Data, AI, and social dimensions integration management such as explicit hydrological biological data collection were uploaded to satellite and transferred to data centers for real-time analysis (Lowerre-Barbieri et al., 2019). IoT monitoring quality information was useful to identify a possible environmental disaster and how to optimize resources. AI innovation was overwhelmingly supported by gender, environment, and age. Cutting edge IoT combined with AI encounters increasing demand, approach to integrated multi-trophic, and produces environment-friendly (Dupont et al., 2018). Unfortunately, the view an integrated marine framework aims at energy diversification by ICZM linking Big Data, AI, IoT for economic development and environmental protection but lacks administrative coordination, specific legal mechanisms at offering environmental protection against impacts from energy diversification is consistent with the previous study (Salvador et al., 2019).