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Low serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with obese but not lean NAFLD: a cross-sectional study
Cheng-Fu Xu
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6172-1253
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: A low serum vitamin D concentration has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, whether lean or obese individuals show a similar association between vitamin D and NAFLD remains speculative. This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and NAFLD in lean and obese Chinese adults.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2538 participants (1360 men and 1178 women) who underwent health checkups at the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in 2019. NAFLD was diagnosed by liver ultrasound excluding other causes. The association of serum vitamin D concentration with NAFLD was analyzed in lean and obese participants.
Results: The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 33.61% (13.10% in lean and 53.32% in obese) in this study population. The serum vitamin D levels of obese NAFLD patients were lower than those of obese NAFLD-free controls. However, the serum vitamin D levels of lean NAFLD patients were comparable to those of lean NAFLD-free controls. Serum vitamin D level was negatively correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD in obese but not lean participants. Serum vitamin D level was independently associated with the risk of NAFLD in obese participants, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.987 (0.981–0.993). However, serum vitamin D level was not related to the risk of NAFLD in lean participants.
Conclusions: A low serum vitamin D level is associated with NAFLD in obese but not lean participants.
Keywords
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, vitamin D, obesity, body mass index, cross-sectional study
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Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 2
Posted 12 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 25 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 22 Feb, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 14 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 06 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 06 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 06 Feb, 2021
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 07 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 02 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 10 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 13 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 11 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 09 Sep, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Nutrition & Dietetics
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This preprint is under consideration at Nutrition Journal. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Low serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with obese but not lean NAFLD: a cross-sectional study
Cheng-Fu Xu
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6172-1253
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 2
Posted 12 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 25 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 22 Feb, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 14 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 06 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 06 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 06 Feb, 2021
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 07 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 02 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 10 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 13 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 11 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 09 Sep, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Nutrition & Dietetics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: A low serum vitamin D concentration has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, whether lean or obese individuals show a similar association between vitamin D and NAFLD remains speculative. This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and NAFLD in lean and obese Chinese adults.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2538 participants (1360 men and 1178 women) who underwent health checkups at the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in 2019. NAFLD was diagnosed by liver ultrasound excluding other causes. The association of serum vitamin D concentration with NAFLD was analyzed in lean and obese participants.
Results: The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 33.61% (13.10% in lean and 53.32% in obese) in this study population. The serum vitamin D levels of obese NAFLD patients were lower than those of obese NAFLD-free controls. However, the serum vitamin D levels of lean NAFLD patients were comparable to those of lean NAFLD-free controls. Serum vitamin D level was negatively correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD in obese but not lean participants. Serum vitamin D level was independently associated with the risk of NAFLD in obese participants, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.987 (0.981–0.993). However, serum vitamin D level was not related to the risk of NAFLD in lean participants.
Conclusions: A low serum vitamin D level is associated with NAFLD in obese but not lean participants.